Quick Facts Type Syllabic Alphabetic Genealogy Brahmi Location South Asia Time 16th century CE to Present Direction Left to Right

The Gurmukhi script is tightly associated with the Sikh religion, as the words guru-mukhî literally mean "from the mouth of the guru". It was created in the 16th century CE by the second Sikh guru, Guru Angad, to write the Punjabi language. Stylistically, Gurmukhi derives its letter shapes from Landa, but considerable influence from Nagari is evident from the top horizontal bar present in most letters.

Punjabi has three tones, but they are not represented in the writing system except for sporadic use of the ha letter (reduced to a subscript) to indicate a high tone.

Vowels and other attachments:

Related Links

• Languages and Scripts of India.